| Piú viste - Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) |
ESP_023328_1325_RED_abrowse-PCF-LXTT.jpgUnnamed Impact Crater wth Gullies and curved Ridges (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)271 visiteMars Local Time: 14:18 (Early Afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 47,4° South Lat. and 37,6° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 251,1 Km (such as about 156,9 miles)
Original image scale range: 25,1 cm/pixel (with 1 x 1 binning) so objects ~ 75 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 25 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 0,5°
Sun-Mars-Spacecraft (or "Phase") Angle: 46,1°
Solar Incidence Angle: 46° (meaning that the Sun is about 44° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 330,5° (Northern Winter)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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Craters-Huygens_Crater-PIA13800-PCF-LXTT.jpgFractures and Layers in Carbonate-bearing Rocks at Mars' Huygens Basin (Absolute Natural Colors; credits: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)270 visiteCaption NASA:This image from orbit covers an area about 460 meters (approx. 1500 feet) across, in which Carbonate Minerals have been identified from spectrometer observations. Fractures and possible Layers are visible in the light-toned Rock exposure containing the Carbonates.
The location is inside an Unnamed Crater about 35 Km (approx. 21,73 miles) in diameter that lays on the Uplifted Rim of the extremely wide Huygens Crater, which is about 467 Km (approx. 290 miles) in diameter. The excavations by the impacts that dug first Huygens and then the smaller crater have exposed material in this image that had been buried an estimated 5 Km (3,1 miles) deep.
The Carbonates may be from part of an extensive Buried Layer that could hold much of the Carbon that was once in a thick Martian Atmosphere of Carbon Dioxide, some researchers propose.
Mars now has a thin Atmosphere that is mostly Carbon Dioxide, but evidence that liquid water was once widespread on the Surface suggests the Atmosphere was much thicker billions of years ago. The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter provided this image.
Identification of Iron or Calcium Carbonates at this site, and also of Clay Minerals indicating a formerly wet environment, comes from an observation by the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on the same Orbiter.
The point is that in the presence of water and other (favourable) conditions, the CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) that is present in the Martian Atmosphere can be captured into Carbonate Minerals.
The image is from HiRISE observation ESP_012897_168, made on April 27, 2009, and centered at 11,6° South Lat. and 51,9° East Long.".MareKromium
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ESP_023597_2260_RED_abrowse-PCF-LXTT.jpgArtynia Catena (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)268 visiteMars Local Time: 13:57 (Early Afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 45,8° North Lat. and 240,4° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 296,2 Km (such as about 185,1 miles)
Original image scale range: 59,3 cm/pixel (with 2 x 2 binning) so objects ~ 1 mt and 78 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 50 cm/pixel
Map projection: EQUIRECTANGULAR
Emission Angle: 0,4°
Phase Angle: 59,9°
Solar Incidence Angle: 60° (meaning that the Sun is about 30° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 341,8° (Northern Winter)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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ESP_020922_1635_RED_abrowse.jpgProximities of Gratteri Crater (Absolute Natural Colors; credits: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)267 visiteCaption NASA:"Gratteri Crater, located about 150 Km to the South-East, ejected rocks that created millions of Secondary Craters over a Region at least 500 Km wide.
Many of these Secondary Craters are concentrated in "Rays", or lines extending radially from the Primary Impact Area (such as the "Gratteri Crater" Area).
Crater Rays on the Moon are typically bright at visible wavelengths, but on Mars they are often best seen in the Thermal InfraRed wavelengths, from temperature contrasts. This image confirms that this Ray contains many Secondary Craters (they are the small, sharp-rimmed Craters). Since millions of Secondary Craters form at once, they all have the same age and same degree of modification over time. Understanding the distribution of secondary craters provides information about impact processes, including escape of rocks that could become Martian meteorites on Earth".MareKromium
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ESP_020946_1450_RED_abrowse-PCF-LXTT.jpgFeatures of the Southern Desert (Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga)267 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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ESP_020873_1005_RED_abrowse.jpgDusty "Cryptic Terrain" (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)267 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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ESP_022209_1870_RED_abrowse-Ares_Vallis-PCF-LXTT.jpgFeatures of Ares Vallis (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)267 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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South_Pole-PIA13985.jpgCross-Section of buried Carbon-Dioxide (CO2) Ice on Mars266 visiteCaption NASA:"This cross-section view of underground layers near Mars' South Pole is a radargram based on data from the Shallow Subsurface Radar (SHARAD) instrument on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Researchers interpret the zone that is nearly free of radio-wave reflections (hence dark in the radargram) to be composed of frozen Carbon Dioxide, or "dry ice."
The newly found deposit of dry ice contains enough CO2 to dramatically increase the total amount of Atmosphere on Mars when it will vaporize, as climate models suggest it does at times when the Planet's Tilt increases. Mars' current Atmosphere is about 95% Carbon Dioxide, and this deposit contains up to about 80% as much Carbon Dioxide as the Atmosphere does.
This cross-section covers a transect about 330 Km (approx. 205 miles) long in a Region from about 86° to 87° South Latitude and 280° to 10° East Longitude. The vertical dimension of the graphic is time delay of the radar echoes. The depth of the tallest portion of the cross-section corresponds to about 20 microseconds difference in time delay, which can be converted to roughly 1,7 Km (a little more than 1 mile).
(SHARAD was provided by the Italian Space Agency. Its operations are led by Sapienza University of Rome, and its data are analyzed by a joint U.S.-Italian science team. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter for the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, built the Spacecraft)MareKromium
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ESP_021947_1300_abrowse-PCF-LXTT-00.jpgLayered Landscape in Argyre Planitia (an Image-Mosaic in Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)262 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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PSP_009913_1910_RED_abrowse-02.jpgFissures in Cerberus Fossae (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team) 259 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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ESP_022205_1625_RED_abrowse-PCF-LXTT.jpgInteresting Surface Features (Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team) 257 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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ESP_024025_1005-PCF-LXTT-00.jpgFeatures of Promethei Lingula Region (CTX Frame "A" - Absolute Natural Colors; credits for the additional process. and color.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)257 visiteMars Local Time: 15:51 (Middle Afternoon)
Coord. (centered): 79,5° South Lat. and 111,8° East Long.
Spacecraft altitude: 264,9 Km (such as about 165,6 miles)
Original image scale range: 53,0 cm/pixel (with 2 x 2 binning) so objects ~ 1 mt and 59,0 cm across are resolved
Map projected scale: 50 cm/pixel
Map projection: POLAR STEREOGRAPHIC
Emission Angle: 22,0°
Sun-Mars-Spacecraft (or "Phase") Angle: 72,4°
Solar Incidence Angle: 84° (meaning that the Sun is about 6° above the Local Horizon)
Solar Longitude: 359,0° (Northern Winter)
Credits: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Additional process. and coloring: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunar Explorer ItaliaMareKromium
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