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Risultati della ricerca nelle immagini - "other" |
000-P-FILTERS.jpgJust to remember...60 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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060-Vesta_and_Friends-PIA14316.jpg4-Vesta and "Friends"...87 visiteCaption NASA:"This composite image shows the comparative sizes of 8 (eight) Asteroids. Up until now, Lutetia, with a diameter of about 81 miles (approx. 130 Km), was the largest Asteroid visited by a Spacecraft.
Vesta, which is also considered a protoplanet because it's a large body that almost became a planet, dwarfs all other small bodies in this image, with its diameter sizing up at approximately 330 miles (about 530 Km)".
MareKromium
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APOLLO 12 AS 12-46-6744 HR-1.jpgAS 12-46-6744 - Horizon and a strange stone (1) - HR154 visiteOriginal caption:"(...) View to the South. Note the raised-rim crater on the horizon at the righthand edge of the image. As Pete Conrad mentions at 118:27:12 MT, he mistakenly took the pan at 15-foot focus instead of 74-foot focus. Scan courtesy NASA Johnson".
Cerchiatura Verde: una bizzarra roccia dalla forma appuntita che spicca - diremmo nettamente - all'estrema Sx del frame. Curioso che non ci sìano (e, se ci sono, non le abbiamo trovate) altre immagini di questo rilievo.
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Abell-1763-PIA10227.jpgCelestial Cities and the Roads that connect Them54 visiteThis is a representation of galaxies in and surrounding a galaxy cluster called Abell 1763. The placement of each dot is based on the actual coordinates of galaxies in the region. Blue dots are active star-forming galaxies; red dots show galaxies that are not actively forming stars.
Galaxies across the universe reside in cosmic communities big and small. Large, densely populated galactic communities are called galaxy clusters (highlighted in the orange circle). Like cities on Earth, galaxy clusters are scattered throughout the universe and are connected by a web of dusty highways called filaments (highlighted in purple). Smaller galactic communities are sprinkled along the filaments, creating celestial suburbs.
Over time, astronomers suspect that all galactic suburbanites make their way to a galaxy cluster by way of filaments. Observations from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope show that filamentary galaxies form stars at twice the rate of their densely clustered counterparts.
NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., manages the Spitzer Space Telescope mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Science operations are conducted at the Spitzer Science Center at the California Institute of Technology, also in Pasadena. Caltech manages JPL for NASA.
MareKromium
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Collapse_Features-Elysium_Fossae-20080422a-PCF-LXTT.jpgChannels in Elysium Fossae (Absolute Natural Colors; additional process.: Dr Paolo C. Fienga - Lunexit Team)62 visitenessun commentoMareKromium
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Enceladus-PIA10354.jpgStellar Data on "Enceladus Plume"115 visiteCaption NASA:"New structure, density and composition measurements of Enceladus' water plume were obtained when the Cassini Spacecraft's Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph observed the star "Zeta Orionis" pass behind the plume Oct. 24, 2007, as seen in this frame.
Changes in the starlight as it dimmed while passing through the plume allowed the spectrograph to identify the plume's physical and chemical composition.
The spectrograph detected 4 high-density gas streams composed of Water Vapor. The density of the Water Vapor is twice that of the broad plume of gas that surrounds each jet.
This measurement confirms the theoretical analysis performed prior to the flyby that showed it was safe for Cassini to fly very closely past Enceladus, even through part of the plume, during the March 12, 2008 flyby".MareKromium
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Enceladus-PIA10355.jpgGas and Dust Jets Match Up!54 visiteCaption NASA:"Jets of high-density gas detected by Cassini's Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph on Saturn's moon Enceladus match the locations of dust jets determined from Cassini images, labeled here with Roman numerals. The spectrograph pinpointed the locations of individual gas streams in the plume in a "stellar occultation", which involves measuring the light of a star (in this case, Zeta Orionis), as it passed behind the plume from Cassini's viewpoint.
The blue line in this projection shows the path of the starlight through the plume, over the South Polar Region of Enceladus.
The instrument looked at the star across this path in the direction indicated by the short blue lines.
Some of the dust jets appear to merge together in stellar occultation data. The dimming of starlight labeled "a" was caused by dust jets V and VII. The dimming of starlight marked as feature "b" may be associated with dust jet I if the jet is not perfectly vertical.
Dimming of starlight labeled "c" corresponds to dust jet VI, and "d" is dust jet III, with dust jet II in between. The individual jets come from sources with an area of less than 300 by 300 meters (such as about 1000 feet square) - about the size of half a tennis court - probably stretched out rectangularly along the Tiger Stripes.
The new data indicate that the water molecules are blasting off from Enceladus at faster than 600 meters per second (about 1200 mph)".MareKromium
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Enceladus-PIA10356.jpgWhat's in "Enceladus Plume"?55 visiteCaption NASA:"The lower panel is a Mass Spectrum that shows the chemical constituents sampled in Enceladus' plume by Cassini's Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer during its fly-through of the plume on Mar. 12, 2008.
Shown are the amounts, in atomic mass per elementary charge (Daltons [Da]), of Water Vapor, Methane, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, simple organics and complex organics identified in the plume".MareKromium
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Enceladus-PIA10361-1.jpgJet Spots in Tiger Stripes56 visiteCaption NASA:"Heat radiating from the entire length of 150 Km (about 95 mile)-long fractures is seen in this best-yet heat map of the active South Polar Region of Saturn's ice moon Enceladus. The warmest parts of the fractures tend to lie on locations of the plume jets identified in earlier images, shown in the annotated version with yellow stars. The measurements were obtained by the Cassini Spacecraft's Composite Infrared Spectrometer from the spacecraft's close flyby of the moon on March 12, 2008.
Remarkably high temperatures, at least 180 Kelvin (such as -135 degrees Fahrenheit) were registered along the brightest fracture, named Damascus Sulcus, in the lower left portion of the image. For comparison, surface temperatures elsewhere in the South Polar Region of Enceladus are below 72 Kelvin (such as -330 degrees Fahrenheit).
Heat is escaping from Enceladus' interior along these warm fractures, dubbed "Tiger Stripes", which are also the source of the geysers that erupt from the Polar Region.
The infrared radiation was mapped at wavelengths between 12 and 16 microns. The infrared data, shown in false color, are superimposed on a grayscale image mosaic of the South Pole obtained by Cassini's cameras on July 14, 2005, during the previous close Enceladus flyby. Numbers on the map indicate Latitude and Longitude.
This new view shows that at least 3 of the South Polar fractures are active along almost their full lengths - the 4th one, on the right, was only partially covered by this scan. The level of activity varies greatly along the fractures. The warmest parts of the fractures tend to lie on locations of the plume jets identified in earlier images. The main "Tiger Stripe" fractures are not the only sources of heat, however; additional warm spots are seen in the upper right part of the scan.
The warm regions are probably concentrated within less than a few hundred meters (a few hundred yards) of the fractures, and their apparent width in this image results from the relatively low resolution of the infrared data.
This map was made by scanning the South Pole during the period from 16' to 37' (minutes) after closest approach to Enceladus, at a distance between 14.000 and 32.000 Km (about 8.700 and 20.000 miles) as Cassini rapidly receded from its close (50-Km or about 32-miles) flyby".MareKromium
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EnceladusPlume-IMG002944-br500.jpgEnceladus' Plume Mechanics53 visiteCaption NASA:"This graphic shows how the ice particles and water vapor observed spewing from geysers on Saturn's moon Enceladus may be related to liquid water beneath the surface.
The large number of ice particles and the rate at which they are produced require high temperatures, close to the melting point of water. These warm temperatures indicate that there may be an internal lake of liquid water at or near the moon's South Pole, where the geysers are present.
This internal lake could be similar to Earth's Lake Vostok, where liquid water is locked in ice beneath Antarctica. The presence of liquid water inside Enceladus would have major implications for future studies of the possibility of life in the outer solar system". MareKromium
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Gravitational_Lensing-01.jpgGravitational Lensing and "Light Distortion"54 visite"...Noi continuiamo a definire, reputare e trattare il Tempo e lo Spazio come ed in quanto Misure Lineari.
Questo, a mio parere, equivale a dire che non solo le nostre "basi" sono fatiscenti, ma altresì che noi non abbiamo la minima idea di che cosa il Tempo e lo Spazio sìano effettivamente...
Comunque sia, dobbiamo aspettare. La Verità , nella Vita come nella Scienza, alla fine si automanifesta e si dimostra da sola, nonostante tutto e tutti..."
Paolo C. Fienga (appunti)MareKromium
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HD-189733b-1.jpgExtra-Solar Planet HD 189733b54 visiteNASA's Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has made the first detection ever of an organic molecule in the atmosphere of a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting another star. This breakthrough is an important step in eventually identifying signs of life on a planet outside our Solar System.
The molecule found by Hubble is Methane, which under the right circumstances can play a key role in prebiotic chemistry — the chemical reactions considered necessary to form life as we know it.
This discovery proves that Hubble and upcoming space missions, such as NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, can detect organic molecules on planets around other stars by using spectroscopy, which splits light into its components to reveal the "fingerprints" of various chemicals.
"This is a crucial stepping stone to eventually characterizing prebiotic molecules on planets where life could exist," said Mark Swain of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, Calif., who led the team that made the discovery. Swain is lead author of a paper appearing in the March 20 (2008) issue of Nature.
The discovery comes after extensive observations made in May 2007 with Hubble's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). It also confirms the existence of water molecules in the planet's atmosphere, a discovery made originally by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope in 2007. "With this observation there is no question whether there is water or not — water is present", said Swain.
The planet now known to have Methane and water is located 63 Light-Years away in the constellation Vulpecula. Called HD 189733b, the planet is so massive and so hot it is considered an unlikely host for life. HD 189733b, dubbed a "hot Jupiter", is so close to its parent star it takes just over two days to complete an orbit. These objects are the size of Jupiter but orbit closer to their stars than the tiny innermost planet Mercury in our solar system.
HD 189733b's atmosphere swelters at 1700 degrees Fahrenheit, about the same temperature as the melting point of Silver.
Though the star-hugger planet is too hot for life as we know it, "this observation is proof that spectroscopy can eventually be done on a cooler and potentially habitable Earth-sized planet orbiting a dimmer red dwarf–type star," Swain said. The ultimate goal of studies like these is to identify prebiotic molecules in the atmospheres of planets in the "habitable zones" around other stars, where temperatures are right for water to remain liquid rather than freeze or evaporate away.
The observations were made as the planet HD 189733b passed in front of its parent star in what astronomers call a transit. As the light from the star passed briefly through the atmosphere along the edge of the planet, the gases in the atmosphere imprinted their unique signatures on the starlight from the star HD 189733.
The astronomers were surprised to find that the planet has more Methane than predicted by conventional models for "hot Jupiters".
"This indicates we don't really understand exoplanet atmospheres yet," said Swain. "These measurements are an important step to our ultimate goal of determining the conditions, such as temperature, pressure, winds, clouds, etc., and the chemistry on planets where life could exist. Infrared spectroscopy is really the key to these studies because it is best matched to detecting molecules", said Swain.
Swain's co-authors on the paper include Gautam Vasisht of JPL and Giovanna Tinetti of University College, London/European Space Agency.MareKromium
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